Stack rockery in the garden. Due to the limitations of land area and space, the overall layout and design of rockeries often draw inspiration from the "three distance" principle in painting, expressing a thousand miles away in a short distance. The so-called "Three Distances" refer to loftiness, profoundness, and peace.

高:根據透視原理，采用仰視的方法，營造出雄偉險峻、懸崖千仞的山體景觀。在布局上，西高東低，在西面的水池處折了一個懸崖，用水位低、池面小的水體做襯托，這樣在狹小的空間里，就像是置身于一座山的深淵前。此外，它又厚又老，仿石英砂巖的豎縫，用中國畫的斧劈法疊放，挺拔有力，充滿自然風化的審美趣味。

High: Based on the principle of perspective, the method of looking up is used to create a magnificent and steep mountain landscape with thousands of cliffs. In terms of layout, it is high in the west and low in the east. A cliff is formed at the pool in the west, and the water with low water level and small pool surface is used as a backdrop. In this narrow space, it is like being in front of a mountain abyss. In addition, it is thick and old, with vertical seams resembling quartz sandstone, stacked using the axe splitting method of Chinese painting, standing tall and powerful, full of natural weathering aesthetic taste.

深遠:表現的是山巒連綿，或兩山并立，犬牙交錯的山地景觀，特點是層次豐富，景色幽深。如果說高遠注重的是立面設計，那么深刻的表現就是平面設計中的縱向推進。在自然界中，如由于河流的下切，深山峽谷的地貌給人一種深邃險峻的美感。園林 假山中設計的山谷、峽谷、深溪就是對這類自然景觀的模仿。

Profound: It represents a mountainous landscape with continuous mountains, or two mountains standing side by side, and interlocking teeth, characterized by rich layers and deep scenery. If Gaoyuan focuses on facade design, then the profound expression is the vertical advancement in graphic design. In nature, such as due to the cutting of rivers, the topography of deep mountain canyons gives people a profound and steep beauty. The valleys, canyons, and deep streams designed in garden rockeries are imitations of these natural landscapes.

平遠:根據透視原理，表現平崗山的山體景觀，錯落有致，蜿蜒曲折。深遠的山川講究山景的縱深和層次，平原的山川追求連綿起伏的丘陵效果，給人一種山川連綿、碧波蕩漾的感覺，特點是休閑、優美、舒朗。

Pingyuan: Based on the principle of perspective, the mountain landscape of Pinggang Mountain is presented in a well-arranged and winding manner. Profound mountains and rivers emphasize the depth and level of mountain scenery, while plain mountains and rivers pursue the effect of rolling hills, giving people a feeling of continuous and rippling mountains and rivers, characterized by leisure, beauty, and relaxation.

在園林 假山的設計中，上面提到的“三個距離”都是從某個空間的某個視角來考慮的。它注重視距和假山的體積和比例關系。有時候同一塊假山如果從不同的視距和角度看會有不同的美感。

In the design of garden rockeries, the "three distances" mentioned above are all considered from a certain perspective in a certain space. It focuses on the relationship between sight distance and the volume and proportion of the rockery. Sometimes the same rockery may have different aesthetic effects when viewed from different distances and angles.

2.假山使設計適應當地條件的原則:

2. The principle of rockery adapting the design to local conditions:

假山 design的造型和色彩要與周圍的地形和建筑相協調，因為“山中之山，石中之骨，林中之褥，水中之靈”。巖石的材料和做法實際上表明了一種地質結構的存在。被泥土、碎石和植被覆蓋，人們只能感受到山林的形狀和走向。如果去掉覆蓋物，“山骨”就會出來。

The shape and color of the rockery design should be coordinated with the surrounding terrain and architecture, because "mountains in the mountains, bones in the rocks, bedding in the forest, and spirits in the water". The materials and practices of rocks actually indicate the existence of a geological structure. Covered with soil, gravel, and vegetation, people can only feel the shape and direction of the mountain forest. If the cover is removed, the 'mountain bones' will come out.

因此，巖石的選擇應符合總體規劃的要求，并與整個地形相協調。比如規劃需要沙漠花園，就不適合用湖巖，因為那里水不多，很難發現巖溶現象。假山設計的關鍵在于建造者的獨創性，既能節約成本，又能與周圍環境相協調。

Therefore, the selection of rocks should comply with the requirements of the overall plan and be coordinated with the entire terrain. For example, if planning requires a desert garden, it is not suitable to use lake rocks because there is not much water there and it is difficult to detect karst phenomena. The key to rockery design lies in the originality of the builders, which can save costs and coordinate with the surrounding environment.

3.假山設計尊重風水原理:

3. The rockery design respects the principles of feng shui:

中國風水在中國古代哲學、美學、心理學、地質學、地理學、生態景觀等方面有著豐富的內涵。其核心內容是天人合一。風水理論，在景觀方面，注重人文景觀與自然景觀的和諧統一；在環境方面，特別注重人工自然環境與自然環境的和諧統一。

Chinese feng shui has rich connotations in ancient Chinese philosophy, aesthetics, psychology, geology, geography, ecological landscapes, and other aspects. Its core content is the unity of heaven and man. Feng Shui theory emphasizes the harmony and unity between cultural and natural landscapes in landscape design; In terms of the environment, special attention is paid to the harmony and unity between the artificial natural environment and the natural environment.

假山一般來說，設計要遵循兩個原則:一是北、東、東南、西南，四面是路過喜歡看沙的陰陽；另一面是孔宣星盤上群星繁盛的那一面。這些方向一定要根據公園的具體走向來確定。一般都要參考風水原理仔細考慮。大小、方位、形狀都有講究，要注意區域的整體性和協調性。

Generally speaking, the design of rockeries should follow two principles: first, north, east, southeast, and southwest, surrounded by passing Yin and Yang who enjoy watching the sand; On the other side is the side of the Kong Xuan Star Plate where the stars are thriving. These directions must be determined based on the specific direction of the park. Generally, it is necessary to carefully consider the principles of feng shui. The size, orientation, and shape are all emphasized, and attention should be paid to the overall and coordinated nature of the area.